Kidney disease: UK and international data / comparisons

Based on data from the historic Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF), the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) (stages 3-5) in Scotland is similar to that in England. The incidence, prevalence and mortality related to renal replacement therapy (RRT) in Scotland is similar to England, the UK and Europe as a whole.

UK

The two main sources of UK comparison data are historic QOF registers and the UK Renal Registry data. The prevalence of CKD (stage 3-5) in QOF reports for England in 2018/19 in England was 4.09 per 100 among those aged 18 years and above, compared to 3.08 per 100 in Scotland from QOF calculator reports for 2018/19. The UK Renal Registry report RRT data for the UK (England, Scotland, Northern Ireland). Their 25th annual report (for data up to the end of 2021) notes that the incidence rate of RRT among those aged 18 and over was 156 per million population in England and 131 per million in Scotland. The prevalence of RRT among those aged 18 and over was 1314 per million population in England and 1207 per million in Scotland.

Europe

The European Renal Association – European Dialysis and Transplant Association (ERA-EDTA) Registry collects data on RRT for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) via national and regional renal registries in Europe and from countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea. Detailed information is available in the latest ERA-EDTA  Annual Report for 2021, which notes that in 2021, 76,240 patients started RRT for ESRD within the countries and regions reporting to the ERA-EDTA Registry, resulting in an overall incidence of 145 per million population of all ages (pmp). The overall prevalence on 31 December 2021 was 1040 pmp (n = 554,797).

USA

The United States Renal Data System (USRDS) is a national data system that collects, analyses, and distributes information about CKD and ESRD in the United States. Detailed information is available in the latest (2023) USRDS annual report.

International

The Chronic Kidney Disease Prognosis Consortium (CKD-PC) was established in 2009 and tasked with compiling the best available data to provide a more comprehensive evaluation of the associations of kidney measures such as GFR and albuminuria with various clinical outcomes, with implications for improving the definition and staging of CKD. The CKD-PC currently consists of 50 cohorts world-wide, which arise from either general, high-risk, or CKD populations. Further information is available on the CKD-PC website.