Health inequalities: key references and evidence
References
***Note: This is not, and is not intended to be, a comprehensive list of references relevant to health inequalities. More detailed lists are available from some of the publications cited below.***
Beckfield J, Krieger N. Epi + demos + cracy: linking political systems and priorities to the magnitude of health inequities - evidence, gaps, and a research agenda. Epidemiologic Reviews 2009; 31: 152-77.
Beeston C., McCartney G., Ford J., Wimbush E., Beck S., MacDonald W., Fraser A. Health Inequalities Policy review for the Scottish Ministerial Task Force on Health Inequalities. Glasgow: NHS Health Scotland; 2013.
Black D., Morris J., Smith C., Townsend P. Inequalities in health: report of a Research Working Group. London: Department of Health and Social Security, 1980.
Brown D., Allik M., Dundas R., Leyland A.H. All-cause and cause-specific mortality in Scotland 1981-2011 by age, sex and deprivation: a population-based study. European Journal of Public Health 2019; 29(4): 647-655.
Carr-Hill R., Chalmers-Dixon P. Public Health Observatory Handbook of Health Inequalities Measurement. South East Public Health Observatory (SEPHO), 2005
Davey Smith G., Dorling, D., Mitchell, R., and Shaw M. Health inequalities in Britain: continuing increases up to the end of the 20th century. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 2002; 56: 434-435.
Dorling D. Injustice: why social inequality persists. Bristol: The Policy Press; 2010.
Dorling D., Rigby J., Wheeler B., Ballas D., Thomas B., Fahmy E., Gordon D. and Lupton R. Poverty and wealth across Britain 1968 to 2005. Joseph Rowntree Foundation, The Policy Press, 2007
Dorling D., Mitchell R., and Pearce J. The global impact of income inequality on health by age: an observational study. BMJ 2007;335(7625):873.
Eikemo T.A. & Mackenbach J.P. (Eds). EURO GBD SE: the potential for reduction of health inequalities in Europe. Final Report. University Medical Center Rotterdam, 2012
EUROTHINE project. Tackling health inequalities in Europe: an integrated approach (final report). Rotterdam, 2007.
Fraser of Allander Institute (2022). Health Inequalities in Scotland: Trends in the socio-economic determinants of health in Scotland.
Graham H. The challenge of health inequalities. In: Graham H. (Editor). Understanding health inequalities. Maidenhead: Open University Press; 2009
Health Development Agency. Promoting Healthier Communities and narrowing health inequalities: a self-assessment tool for local authorities. HDA, 2004.
Kawachi I., Subramanian S.V., Almeida-Filho N. A glossary for health inequalities. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 2002; 56: 647–652.
Krieger N., Rehkopf D.H., Chen J.T., Waterman P.D., Marcelli E., Kennedy M. The Fall and Rise of US Inequities in Premature Mortality: 1960–2002. PloS Medicine 2008; 5(2): 227-241
Kunst A.E. et al. Monitoring of trends in socioeconomic inequalities in mortality: experiences from a European project. Demographic Research, April 2004.
Link B.G, Phelan J.C. McKeown and the Idea That Social Conditions Are Fundamental Causes of Disease. American Journal of Public Health 2002; 92(5).
Lynch, J. W., Smith, G. D., Kaplan, G. A., & House, J. S. 2000, Income inequality and mortality: importance to health of individual income, psychosocial environment, or material conditions. BMJ, vol. 320, no. 7243, pp. 1200-1204.
Mackenbach, J.P., Stirbu I., Roskam A.R., Schaap M.M., Menvielle G., Leinsalu M., and Anton E. Kunst. Socioeconomic Inequalities in Health in 22 European Countries. N Engl J Med 2008;358:2468-81.
Marmot M., Allen J., Goldblatt P., Boyce T., McNeish D., Grady M., Geddes I. The Marmot Review: Fair Society, Healthy Lives. Strategic review of health inequalities in England post-2010. London: Institute of Health Equity; 2010
Marmot M., Allen J., Boyce T., Goldblatt P., Morrison J. Health equity in England: The Marmot Review 10 years on. London: Institute of Health Equity; 2020
Marmot M., Allen J., Goldblatt P., Herd E., Morrison J. Build Back Fairer: The COVID-19 Marmot Review. The Pandemic, Socioeconomic and Health Inequalities in England. London: Institute of Health Equity; 2020
Marmot, M. & Wilkinson, R. G. 2001, Psychosocial and material pathways in the relation between income and health: a response to Lynch et al. BMJ, vol. 322, no. 7296, pp. 1233-1236.
McCartney G, Collins C, Mackenzie M. What (or who) causes health inequalities: theories, evidence and implications? Health Policy 2013;113(3):221-227
McCartney G., Popham F., Katikireddi S.V., Walsh D., Schofield L. How do trends in mortality inequalities by deprivation and education in Scotland and England & Wales compare? A repeat cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2017; 7: e017590.
Navarro V. What we mean by social determinants of health. International Journal of Health Services 2009; 39(3): 423–441
Regidor E. Measures of health inequalities: part 1. J.Epidemiol.Community Health 2004;58:858-61.
Regidor E. Measures of health inequalities: part 2. J.Epidemiol.Community Health 2004;58:900-3.
Scott S., Curnock E., Mitchell R., Robinson M., Taulbut M., Tod E., McCartney G. What would it take to eradicate health inequalities? Testing the fundamental causes theory of health inequalities in Scotland. Glasgow: NHS Health Scotland; 2013.
Shaw, M., Dorling, D., Gordon, D., & Davey Smith, G. The Widening Gap: health inequalities and policy in Britain, 2nd edition. Bristol: The Policy Press; 1999.
Thomas B., Dorling D., Davey Smith G. Inequalities in premature mortality in Britain: observational study from 1921 to 2007. BMJ 2010;341:c3639
Walsh D., Lowther M., McCartney G., Reid K. Can Scotland achieve its aim of narrowing health inequalities in a post-pandemic world? Public Health in Practice 2020; 1: 100042
WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health. Closing the gap in a generation: health equity through action on the social determinants of health. World Health Organization, 2008.
Whitehead M. The health divide. London: Health Education Council; 1987.
Whitehead M., Dahlgren G. Concepts and principals for tackling social inequities in health: Levelling Up Parts 1 & 2. World Health Organisation 2006.
Wilkinson R, Pickett K. The Spirit Level: Why More Equal Societies Almost Always Do Better. London: Penguin; 2009
Effectiveness evidence
ScotPHO's purpose is to describe the pattern of health across the Scottish population. As a supplementary service to users, we include the following links to external sources of quality-assured evidence on effectiveness of interventions which may include relevant material for this topic. These links are provided as an aid to users. They are by no means exhaustive nor should they be necessarily viewed as authoritative.
Centre for Reviews and Dissemination
Cochrane Library: Browse by topic
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Guidance: Find guidance
Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN)
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